1) Occurs when the portion of the upper stomach also protrudes through an opening. They are not uncommon problems especially in obese adults for whom weight reduction is essential and those suffering from this are advised to eat small amounts of food at a time, avoid lying down after meals, and sleep with the head of the bed elevated to prevent reflux of acidic stomach contents.

Central Tube Problems
Lower Esophageal Sphincter Problems
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Hiatal Hernia
Swallowing Disorders

Chapter 19, Heart Disease & HTN,

2) The major cardiovascular disease and the underlying pathologic process in coronary heart disease is

Myocardial Infarction
Cerebrovascular Accident
Agina Pectoris
Heart Attack
Stroke

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 368

3) The primary organ that is affected by Type I Diabetes is

Liver
Kidney
Heart
Pancreas
Gallbladder

Cancer Prevention

4) What we eat is impacted by

Access and availability
Food marketing and advertising
Increasing Portion sizes
Meals eaten outside the home
All of the above

Chapter 18, GI, p. 325

5) Angelica has a patient who has difficulty swallowing and is suffering from

Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Dysphagia
Xerostomia

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p. 351

6) This is characterized by the formation of yellow cheeselike fatty streaks containing cholesterol that develop into hardened plaques in the inner lining of major blood vessels such as the coronary arteries.

Arteriosclerosis
Cirrhosis
Congestive Heart Failure
Pulmonary Edema
Essential Hypertension

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p.369

7) Type II Diabetes is usually

Caused from an autoimmune response
Juvenile-onset diabetes
Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
Caused by weight and heredity
All of the above

Cancer Prevention

8) A sedentary woman gets this many calories per day

1000
1200
1400
1600
1800

Chapter 18, GI, p.326

9) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease’s causative factor is being

Normal Weight
Overweight
Obese
Underweight

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p. 350

10) When an infarct occurs and the affected vessel is a major artery supplying the brain, the event is called

Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular Accident
Myocardial Infarction
Stroke
Both b and d

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 369

11) Type II Diabetes is common in

Younger children
Older Children
Younger Adults
Older Adults
All of the above

Chapter 18, GI, p. 325

12) It has been estimated that dysphagia affects 40% to 60% of nursing home residents in which a symptom such as could be a warning sign of this disorder.

Insufficient production of saliva
Dry mouth
Abornormal peristaltic motility
Pneumonia

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p. 350

13) The local area of dying or dead tissue is called a

Heart attack
Infarct
Stroke
Angina Pectoris
Retinopathy

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p.369

14) Brianna has a client who is underweight and at a higher risk for acidosis. She will probably diagnose her with this type of diabetes.

Type I Diabetes
Type II Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes
Both b & d

Chapter 18, GI, p. 334

15) A lower intestinal condition characterized by the formation of many small pouches, or pockets, along the muscular mucosal lining, usually in the colon. These little pouches are called

Stomatitis
Glossitis
Diverticula
Cheilosis
H. Pylori

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p. 352

16) All of the following are risk factors for cardiovascular disease that has person has no control over except

Sex
Age
Obesity
Family History
All of the above

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 369

17) Catherine’s friend had to deal with a rapid onset of this suddenly and found out she has it.

Type II Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
Type I Diabetes
Secondary Diabetes
Cushing’s Syndrome

Chapter 18, GI, p. 327 – 331

18) Danielle has an eroded mucosal lesion in the central portion of the gastrointestinal tract. This lesion can occur in the esophagus, stomach, or first portion of the duodenum, the duodenal bulb, where most occur. She is suffering from

Lower Esophageal Sphincter Problems
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Peptic Ulcer
Hiatal Hernia
None of the above

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p. 352

19) This is seen as protective against cardiovascular disease or coronary heart disease.

High-density lipoprotein of at least 40 mg/dl
High-density lipoprotein of less than 40 mg/dl
Low-density lipoprotein greater than 100 mg/dl
Cholesterol greater than 200

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 369

20) Evangelica has a friend who has Type II Diabetes and wants to help her. What is the best recommendation she can give her?

The condition improves with weight loss
The condition improves with weight gain
The symptoms reduce with weight loss
The symptoms reduce with weight gain
Both a & c

Chapter 18, GI, p. 327-328

21) Peptic Ulcers occur in the

Liver
Pancreas
Kidneys
Stomach
Gallbladder

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p. 356

22) Congestive heart failure is due to the progressively weakened heart muscle unable to maintain an adequate cardiac output to sustain normal blood circulation. The resulting fluid imbalances cause edema, especially pulmonary edema! To control the fluid imbalance that results in cardiac edema, this needs to be restricted because of its role in tissue fluid balance.

Potassium
Magnesium
Calcium
Sodium

Chapter 20, Diabetes, pp. 375-376

23) Diabetes long term complications include

Retinopathy – Small hemorrhages from broken arteries in the retina, with yellow, waxy discharge or retinal detachment becoming the leading cause of blindness in adults.
Nephropathy – The number one cause of end-stage renal disease in the U.S also due to poor blood glucose control where the primary symptom is microalbuminuria (low but abnormal levels of albumin in the urine)
Neuropathy – 60% - 70% of people with diabetes suffer mild to severe forms of nervous system damage.
All of the above

Chapter 20, Diabetes, pp. 371

24) Diabetes symptoms is

Blurred vision
Skin irritation or infection
General weakness or loss of strength
Glycosuria or Hyperglycemia
All of the above

Chapter 18, GI, p.330

25) Felicia’s friend has Peptic Ulcer disease so she should omit this from her diet

Dietary Fiber
Black Pepper
Three Regular Meals a Day
All of the following

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p. 351

26) Lipoproteins carry fat and cholesterol to tissues for cell metabolism and back to the liver for breakdown and excretion as needed. The lipoprotein with the highest lipid content is

HDL
LDL
VLDL
VHDL

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 375

27) Uncontrolled Diabetes causes imbalances among the three energy nutrients such as

Carbs and Fats
Vitamins and Fats
Vitamins and Minerals
Proteins and Vitamins
Proteins and Minerals

Chapter 18, GI, p. 330

28. To combat Peptic Ulcer follow the nutritional guidelines to eating a generally well balanced diet.

A. True

B. False

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, p.351

29. The function of lipoproteins is to

A. Carry protein and cholesterol to cells for energy and metabolism.

B. Carry protein and fat to cells for energy and metabolism.

C. Carry fat and cholesterol to cells for energy and catabolism.

D. Carry fat and cholesterol to cells for energy and metabolism.

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 374

30. The largest portion of islet cells are located in

A. Glucagon

B. Somatostatin

C. Insulin

D. Glucogen

E. None of the above

Cancer Prevention,

31. Most of our calories come from this which could affect the onset of cancer.

A. Misc desserts and sweets

B. Alcoholic Beverages

C. Soft Drinks, fruit flavored drinks

D. French Fries

Chapter 18, GI, pp. 335-337

32. Foods that reduce Irritable Bowel Syndrome are

A. Indigestible short chains of glucose

B. High Fiber Foods

C. Low Fiber Foods

D. Lactose Intolerance Foods

E. None of the above

Chapter 19, Hypertension, pp. 356-357

33. Hypertension is called the ‘silent disease’ because

A. Correlates with heart disease

B. No symptoms to show its onset

B. Silently kills the person with a BP of 140 or less

C. Correlates with diabetes

D. All of the above

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 374

34. This is the hormone that is synthesized in the delta cells of the pancreatic islets, scattered between the alpha and beta cells and making up 10% of each islet’s cells.

A. Glucagon

B. Somatostatin

C. Insulin

D. Glycogen

Cancer Prevention,

35. The more color foods you eat in your diet that are plant based, the better.

A. False

B. True

Chapter 18, GI, p. 338

36. Dietary changes to combat constipation should include increased fiber, naturally laxative fruits (dried prunes and figs), and adequate fluid intake, based on the assessment of current fiber and fluid intake.

A. True

B. False

Chapter 19, Heart Disease

37. To combat coronary heart disease and lipid disorders,

A. You need to reduce fat intake and substitute unsaturated fat for saturated fat.

B. You need to reduce protein intake and substitute lipoproteins for saturated fat.

C. You need to reduce fat intake and substitute trans-fat for saturated fat.

D. You need to reduce carb intake and substitute complex carbs for simple carbs.

Chapter 20, Diabetes, p. 374

38. Hormone that acts in the opposite manner of insulin to balance the overall blood glucose control and can rapidly breakdown stored glycogen and to a lesser extent fat. This action raises blood glucose concentrations as needed to protect brain and other tissues during sleep or fasting. It is produced in the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets which are arranged around the outer rim of each of these glands, making about 30% of its total cell mass.

A. Rapid acting insulin

B. Glucagon

C. Somatostatin

D. None of the above

Cancer Prevention

39. On any given day in the United States,

A. 815 million calories are consumed

B. 815 trillion calories are consumed

C. 815 billion calories are consumed

D. 200 billion calories are consumed

E. 518 million calories are consumed

Chapter 18, GI, p. 331

40. A cause of diarrhea can be mostly attributed to

A. Low Fiber Food

B. Complex Carbohydrate Food

C. Lactose intolerance

D. High Fiber Food

Chapter 19, Heart Disease, pp. 354-355

41. Dietary modification for heart attack is to

A. Feed hard textured food in the diet

B. Increase sodium in the diet

C. Eliminate cholesterol from the diet

D. Reduce energy intake of food in the diet

Chapter 20, Diabetes, pp. 383-384

42. Accumulation of glucose in the blood results in

A. Hypoglycemia

B. Glycemia

C. Hyperglycemia

D. None of the above

Cancer Prevention,

43. Of all of the following percentages this is the highest percentage.

A. % of No Leisure Time Activity

B. % of Vigorous Activity

C. % of Moderate Activity

D. % of Eating Fruits and Vegetables

E. % of Overweight

Chapter 18, GI, p. 334-335

44. A lower intestinal condition characterized by the formation of many small pouches, or pockets along the muscular mucosal lining, usually in the colon. As these pockets become infected, a condition called develops where the affected area is painful.

A. Inflammatory Bowel Disease

B. Celiac Sprue

C. Cystic Fibrosis

D. Malabsorption

E. Diverticulitis

Chapter 19, Heart Disease,

45. Type of fat in diet that is the greatest is

A. Monounsaturated

B. Polysaturated

C. Saturated

D. Unsaturated

E. Monosaturated

Chapter 20, Diabetes, 383-384

46. Keytones are a by product of

A. Proteins

B. Carbohydrates

C. Fats

D. Vitamins

E. Minerals

Chapter 18, GI, pp. 334-335

47. Treatment of diverticulosis is a diet

A. High in fiber

B. Low in fiber

C. Complex Carbohydrates

D. Simple Carbohydrates

E. Lipoproteins

Chapter 19, Hypertension

48. The cause of essential hypertension is

A. Diabetes

B. Coronary Heart Disease

C. CHD

D. Unknown

E. None of the above

Chapter 20, Diabetes

49. Your client is suspected of having diabetes but you are not sure, what would the appropriate one-step approach be?

A. Oral Glucose Challenge Test

B. Fasting Plasma Glucose Test

C. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

D. None of the above

Chapter 18, GI, pp. 331-334

50. A student who eats in your cafeteria has a childhood disorder called celiac disease and the adult disease nontropical sprue now known to be a single disease called celiac sprue. The symptoms of celiac sprue are

A. Gonorrhea

B. Steatorreha

C. Diarrhea

D. Both b & c

E. None of the above

Nutrition Exam V Sample I:

Chapter 18, GI, p. 327

Central Tube Problems
Lower Esophageal Sphincter Problems
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Hiatal Hernia
Swallowing Disorders

Chapter 19, Heart Disease and HTN, pp. 356 - 358

2) It has been called the “silent disease” because no signs indicate its presence.

A. Atherosclerosis

B. Essential Hypertension

C. Myocardial Infarction

D. Cerebrovascular Accident

E. Coronary Heart Disease